Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Murat Yıldızoğlu Author-Workplace-Name: GREThA (UMR CNRS 5113) Bordo Universitesi Avenue Leon Duguit 33600 Bordo, Fransa Title: Evolutionary Dynamics and Economic Complexity Abstract: We propose in this article a quick introduction to the evolutionary analysis of complex economic dynamics. When we look at the economic dynamics as resulting from the workings of a Complex Adaptive System (CAS), our attention necessarily focuses on new questions, and our analytical efforts need the development of new modeling methods. After having quickly discussed the properties of CAS in Economics, the article illustrates them more in detail using the example of industrial dynamics where this approach has historically been developed first. This discussion is followed by an introduction to the main methods used for analyzing CAS, and develops an example model of industry dynamics (Nelson & Winter 1892, part V). We also give an analytically organized bibliography to provide the reader with an entry point to an already very large literature. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: Economic dynamics; Complex adaptive systems; Evolutionary modeling; Learning; Computational economics.Journal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 1-18 Volume: 3 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1628084024-en.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:3:y:2017:i:2:p:1-18 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mehmet Gençer Author-Workplace-Name: İzmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi, İşletme Bölümü Title: Review of Methods of Social Network Analysis Abstract: Ağ analizi yöntemleri sosyal bilimlerin birçok alanındaki araştırmalarda önemi bir katkı potansiyeli içermektedir. Bu makalede ağ analizi yaklaşımının özellikleri ve olası katkıları özetlenmektedir. Sosyal sistemlerin incelenmesi için ağ analizi yaklaşımı bileşen odaklı analiz yaklaşımlarının tamamlayıcısı olarak konumlandırılmaktadır. Bu yaklaşımın ve ilgili yöntemlerin açıklayıcı potansiyeli gerek literatür gerekse örnekler üzerinden sergilenmektedir. Ağ analizi için analiz konusu olgunun odaklanması, verilerin toplanması, ve bu verilerden üretilebilecek temel metriklerin özgün anlamları incelenmektedir. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: Sosyal Aglar, Ag Analizi, Sosyal SistemlerJournal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 19-34 Volume: 3 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1628084273-tr.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:3:y:2017:i:2:p:19-34 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ercan Eren Author-Workplace-Name: Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Author-Name: Demet Topal Koç Author-Workplace-Name: Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, Title: AB Ülkeleri ve Türkiye'nin Ticaret İlişkilerine Ağ Yaklaşımı Abstract: Ülkeler arası ticaret iliskileri klasik yaklaşımlarla incelenirken genellikle toplam ihracat/ithalat, toplam ihracat/GSYH (Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasıla), toplam ihracat/ithalat içinde söz konusu ülkenin sahip olduğu pay gibi birinci derece veriler kullanılmaktadır. Bu veriler, ülkeleri izole edip, diğer ülkeler dikkate alınmadan elde edildiği için sadece ülkeye özgüdür. Klasik iktisat yöntemlerinin bu yüzeyselliğine karşın, uluslararası ticaret iliskilerine ağ yaklaşımı, daha derin analiz yapabilme olanağı sağlamaktadır. İlk olarak sosyometri ile temelleri atılan ağ yaklaşımı, iktisat biliminde ticari ve finansal iliskilerin analizinde kullanılmıştır. Bu çalısmada da AB ülkeleri ve Türkiye’nin ticaret ilişkilerinde 2008 krizinin, ağın kompleks yapısında değişmelere neden olacağı hipotezinden hareketle, söz konusu ülkelerin ticari iliskileri 2003 ve 2014 yılları periyodunda, ağ yaklaşımı kapsamında analiz edilmiştir. Ülkelerin ağ içindeki önemlerini gösteren ve w-HITS algoritması ile elde edilen ithalat ve ihracat merkezilik skorları zamansal açıdan ve özellikle 2008 kriz dönemindeki degisimleri incelenmiş ve bu veriler birinci derece gösterge olan toplam ihracat ve ithalat içindeki pay degerleri ile karsılaştırılmıştır. Çalısmanın bulguları genel olarak AB ülkeleri ve Türkiye’nin ticari iliskilerini, kompleks bir ekonomik sistem olarak ele alınıp incelenmesinin özellikle kriz dönemindeki degisimleri daha iyi açıkladığı şeklinde olmuştur. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: Ekonomik Iliskilere Ag Yaklasımı, Uluslararası Ticaret Ağları, İthalat ve İhracat Merkeziliği, 2008 KriziJournal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 35-64 Volume: 3 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1628084678-tr.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:3:y:2017:i:2:p:35-64 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Semanur Soyyiğit Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Erzincan University Author-Name: Yasemin Asu Çırpıcı Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Yildiz Technical University Title: An Input-Output Network Structure Analysis Of Selected Countries Abstract: Network analysis is a very effective method which can be used in many different disciplines. It is possible to use network analysis in many areas of economics as well. Recently, input-output tables attracted economists who work in this area. Input-output tables give an important source of data for examining the productive significance of sectors since they reflect the intersectoral flows of intermediate goods. In this study, national input-output networks of selected nine countries which are in different levels of development and which have an important place in world trade are examined. This kind of an analysis may help us understand whether or not there is a connection between development levels and sectoral relationships. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: Input-output analysis, network analysis, complex systems.Journal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 65-88 Volume: 3 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1628085103-en.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:3:y:2017:i:2:p:65-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Semanur Soyyiğit Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Erzincan University Author-Name: Çiğdem Boz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Batman University Title: Global Input - Output Analysis: A Network Approach Abstract: Network analysis, a tool that is used to analyze complex systems, which also appeared in economics, which is defined as a complex – adaptive system. Although the international trade networks and financial networks are most popular areas, this method has been employed for input-output Networks. In today’s globalized production chain, international input-output network has a prominent role since it captures input flows among each sector of each country which occurs in the network. So, it can easily be understood why globalized production chain is also called as ‘global production network’. Network analysis is a significant tool since it takes international links among sectors of national economies into consideration. Thus, findings of the analysis can be informative about how a potential demand/supply shock in this global input flow may affect this globalized production chain. In this study, global input-output tables will be examined and compared for 1995 and 2011, via network tools. It is aimed to reveal both inter-sectoral connectivity and centralities of sectors and also change of these properties from 1995 to 2011. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: Economic networks, Global production networks, Input-output networksJournal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 89-102 Volume: 3 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/ File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:3:y:2017:i:2:p:89-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ceren Çehreli Author-Workplace-Name: Boğaziçi University 34342 Bebek, Istanbul, TURKEY, Author-Name: İpek Dursun Author-Workplace-Name: Boğaziçi University 34342 Bebek, Istanbul, TURKEY, Author-Name: Yaman Barlas Author-Workplace-Name: Boğaziçi University 34342 Bebek, Istanbul, TURKEY, Title: Speculative Dynamics of Exchange Rates in Turkey: A System Dynamics Approach Abstract: A country’s economy may undergo a period of volatility due to domestic politics and challenging external environments. Foreign exchange rate is one of the factors that may affect and be affected by the economy of a nation significantly. Motivated by the volatile US Dollar exchange rate issue in Turkey, the impacts of speculation and manipulation on the dynamics of foreign exchange rate in developing markets are examined in this paper. The study focuses on the structures generating the unstable US Dollar exchange rate against Turkish Lira by using system dynamics approach, based on relationships among inflation, interest rate, exchange rate and monetary market. System dynamics is a convenient approach for this problem because of the nonlinear, dynamic and complex structure of this problem. First, a stable-market model is formulated by excluding any speculative and external disturbances, in the base model. Then, the effects of speculation among people, the existence of manipulative investors and interest rate adjustment intervention by Central Bank are included by extending the base model in each scenario. Simulation results reveal that coping with an economic crisis does not only depend on monetary policies but also on the perception and behavior of people. Policies that focus on preventing speculation/panic among individuals are therefore particularly important to avoid unstable fluctuations in exchange rates in developing markets. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: : Currency Exchange Rate, Speculative Market Dynamics, Emerging MarketsJournal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 103-120 Volume: 3 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1628085657-en.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:3:y:2017:i:2:p:103-120 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kaan İrfan Öğüt Author-Workplace-Name: Bahceşehir University, Department of Economics Author-Name: Serçin Şahin Author-Workplace-Name: Yıldız Technical University, Department of Economics Title: A Non-Walrasian Analysis of Asset Price Movements under the Tobin-Blanchard-Samuelson Model: A System Dynamics Approach Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the dynamics of stock price movements as an example of asset prices, under the conditions of different expectation formations and to show the effects of an expansionary monetary policy on these movements. This analysis applies the model established by Blanchard (1981) based on the standard IS-LM Model and expanded with Tobin’s q Theory. Although Blanchard set his model as a differential equation system with two dynamic variables (real income and real stock market value ), he probably did so due to difficulty of visual expression of more variables. System dynamics approach provides an opportunity to add the real interest rate as a third variable and to use time lag values of some variables, as Samuelson (1939) did in his study. Moreover, with this dynamic approach, we modeled the asset price expectations and wealth accumulation in the form of differential equations. The main distinguishing factor of this paper is a non-Walrasian analysis method that allows trade under uncertain market conditions in which demand-supply equality is not satisfied. Furthermore, this analysis differentiates between the desired and realized demands and supplies of equities and bonds of firms and households. Thus, we can consider buying and selling actions under the possibility of excess demand or excess supply for assets. Under the framework of the expanded Blanchard (1981) model, we analyzed the influence of the expansionary monetary policy on stock price with a different type of expectation formations like naive (static), adaptive, and trend following. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: Non-Walrasian, Tobin-Blanchard-Samuelson Model, System DynamicsJournal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 121-136 Volume: 3 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1628086349-tr.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:3:y:2017:i:2:p:121-136 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rüya Eser Author-Workplace-Name: Mimar Sinan University Faculty of Fine Arts Author-Name: Hale Kırer Silva Lecuna Author-Workplace-Name: Bandirma Onyedi Eylül University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Econometries Title: Mekansal İktisat ve Mekansal Kompleksite Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme Abstract: Bu çalışmanın amacı, mekansal iktisada yeni ekonomik coğrafya yaklaşımı ve mekansal kompleksite yaklaşımı ile bir bakış sunmaktır. Bu kapsamda mekansal etileşimlere ve kendi kendine organize olmaya bağlı toplaşma süreci ve kendi kendine organizasyon yaratan modeller ele alınmaktadır. Ayrıca mekansal iktisatta teorik ve ampirik araştırma yöntemleri ile karşılaşılan başlıca zorluklar tartışılmaktadır. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: Mekansal kompleksite, Mekânsal iktisat, Kümelenme, Toplaşma, İktisadi Coğrafya, Mekansal Etkileşim, KonumJournal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 137-153 Volume: 3 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1628086711-tr.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:3:y:2017:i:2:p:137-153