Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ziya Gökalp GÖKTOLGA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Econometrics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye Title: Determining the Relationship Between Economic Growth, Carbon Emission and Energy Consumption: Panel Cointegration and Causality Approach in G20 Countries Abstract: As it is known, CO2 is a greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gases contained in fossil fuels mix with the atmosphere and cause global warming on earth. Global warming causes many negative situations such as irregular rainfall, drought, difficulties in accessing fresh water, and changes in living biology. Thus, life on earth is becoming increasingly threatened. In this study, the relationship between CO2 emissions and renewable and fossil-based energy use, which are among the factors affecting economic growth, was applied in G-20 countries with panel data analysis. The data of the study were collected from the World Bank. A total of 589 data were studied in 19 countries and 31 time dimensions. AMG method was used for long-term estimation of the data by performing cross-section dependence, unit root tests and homogeneity tests. Granger causality test was performed between the variables. A positive relationship was found between GDP growth and CO2, and it was found that a one-unit increase in CO2 use would cause a 0.88-unit increase in GDP growth. Additionally, the study found that there is a unidirectional causality from renewable energy, fossil energy consumption and CO2 usage to GDP growth. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: AMG, Economic growth, G-20, global warming, granger causality, panel dataJournal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 1-11 Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Year: 2025 Month: June DOI: 10.51803/yssr.1544004 File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1751035981-en.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:11:y:2025:i:1:p:1-11 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Muhammed Fatih YÜCEL Author-Workplace-Name: Independent Scholar Author-Name: Murat ÇEMBERCİ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Administration, Management and Organization, Faculty of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Türkiye Title: The Impact of the Turkish Waqf System on International Trade and Logistics: A Network Theory Perspective Abstract: As impact investing and social benefit creation grow in popularity around the world, this trend is attributed to the importance that sociocultural structures place on long-term effects, as impact investments prioritise social returns that are critical to the continuity of their activities over financial returns. The fundamental difference between impact investing and modern waqf lies in their ability to measure outcomes. Traditional Turkish waqf, which possess this measurement capability, offer a structure similar to impact investing due to their ability to generate both sustainable income and social returns. In particular, the caravanserai foundations that are the subject of our study, despite being owned by different individuals, have demonstrated a holistic approach due to their systematic planning and have ensured the safety of merchants and their goods by being located at daily distances along international trade routes. Although each waqf had different ownership, it was determined that caravanserais were strategically placed at distances of 25-30 km in accordance with network theory, with nodes planned near the capitals of the principalities. The waqf's free services make it a hub for traders, while its trading exchange activities generate income. It has been observed that caravanserai waqfs, operating within a systematic framework, provided their own operational capital, thereby not imposing a financial burden on the state while contributing to regional development and international trade. Similar activities aimed at fostering international trade are currently being implemented under the ‘One Belt, One Road’ initiative. In our study, content analysis was conducted using a systematic literature review method. Our study, which draws attention to the fact that the impact investment model, the new name of the traditional Turkish waqf model, has existed in Turkish waqf civilization for centuries, emphasises that this value model still retains its importance. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: Impact investment, international trade, logistic, network theory, Turkish waqf systemJournal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 12-20 Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Year: 2025 Month: June DOI: 10.51803/yssr.1679731 File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1751036175-en.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:11:y:2025:i:1:p:12-20 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fatih PINARBAŞI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Business and Management Sciences, Istanbul Medipol Üniversitesi, Istanbul, Türkiye Title: Examining Mobile Consumption through Paid Apps Context: A Topic Modeling Approach to Türkiye Market Abstract: Mobile consumption is a vital part of today’s consumers and a fundamental marketing research area. Several contexts and markets are examined in the mobile consumption literature. However, the literature on the paid apps context and the Türkiye market is limited. The study aims to fill this gap by examining the context of paid apps in the Türkiye mobile app market and discovering the topics included in user conversations. For this purpose, 11.749 reviews of 25 mobile apps are used as the study sample. The study employs topic modeling methodology using the BERTopic approach to extract the topics in the sample set. Following a descriptive evaluation of the sample, 57 individual topics are extracted in topic modeling, and they are grouped into three main topic groups, namely: apprelated (27 topics), money-related (11 topics), and user evaluations (19 topics). Insights and implications regarding the topic groups can shed light on the developers and mobile marketing decision-makers. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: Mobile apps, mobile consump-tion, online reviews, paid apps, word of mouth.Journal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 21-28 Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Year: 2025 Month: June DOI: 10.51803/yssr.1669339 File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1751459954-en.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:11:y:2025:i:1:p:21-28 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vildan BAYRAM Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Istanbul Aydın University, Istanbul, Türkiye Title: Sustainable Wastewater Management: Treatment Plant Investment Predictions in Türkiye Abstract: In this study, it is aimed to examine the future treatment plant investment projections for the sustainable development of wastewater management in Turkey. In today's conditions, where increasing population, industrialization and urbanization processes lead to an increase in wastewater production, which puts pressure on water resources, effective wastewater treat-ment is of great importance. In line with Turkey's global cooperation on environmental policies, sustainable development and environmental protection, investments in wastewater treatment plants are expected to be increased. In this context, the number of wastewater treatment plants in Turkey between 2001 and 2022, the amount of wastewater treated, the population provided with waste service, the total amount of wastewater discharged, and the amount of wastewater discharged per capita were discussed by using TURKSTAT data. By using the automatic ARIMA and ARIMA methods, 3 periods between 2023-2025 were estimated. Eviews 12.0 software was used in the analysis of the data. As a result of the ana-lyzes, it has been determined that 1923 wastewater treatment plants will be needed for 2025 in terms of the amount of wastewater treated, 1858 in terms of the population with waste service, 1922 in terms of the total amount of wastewater discharged and 1928 in terms of the amount of wastewater discharged per capita. The projections emphasize that the capacity of treatment plants should be increased with the cooperation of local governments and the private sector, and that this process will provide not only environmental but also economic and social benefits. In addition, the emphasis is on the implementation of advanced treatment technologies, innovative financing models and increasing the environmental awareness of local people. In this direction, taking concrete steps to ensure sustainable development by protecting Turkey's water resources becomes evident as an important strategy in wastewater management in the coming years. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: Sustainability, sustainable wastewater management, wastewater management, water treatment plantJournal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 29-43 Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Year: 2025 Month: June DOI: 10.51803/yssr.1681392 File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1751036654-en.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:11:y:2025:i:1:p:29-43 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Okoro ASANGAUSUNG Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Akwa Ibom State University, Nigeria Author-Name: Benson UDOMS Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Public Administration Akwa Ibom State University, Nigeria Author-Name: Ali YAĞCI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Educational Sciences, Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Türkiye Title: Managing Election-Related Violence in Nigeria: Focus on the Use of Technologies in the 2023 General Elections Abstract: Election-related Despite the introduction of technological innovations such as the Bimod-al Voter Accreditation System (BVAS) and the INEC Result Viewing (IReV) portal, Nigeria’s 2023 general elections were still marred by persistent electoral violence. These technologies aimed to enhance transparency, credibility, and reduce malpractice. This study critically examined their application in mitigating election-related violence in Akwa Ibom State. Using the frustration-aggression theory as its analytical framework, the research adopted a qualitative approach and conducted thematic analysis. Findings revealed that political rivalry, thuggery, and intimidation by candidates and their supporters were major drivers of violence, especially in opposition-dominated areas. These acts created a climate of fear and significantly reduced voter turnout. Although BVAS and IReV were designed to promote electoral integrity, their effectiveness was compromised by reliability issues and a lack of public trust. The study concludes that technological innovations alone are insufficient in addressing systemic democratic deficits. It recommends the establishment of an independent “Electoral Offences Commission” with prosecutorial powers to investigate, arrest, and prosecute perpetrators of electoral violence and technological sabotage. Enforcing accountability is crucial to ending impunity, strengthening the rule of law, and building a more credible and peaceful democratic process in Nigeria. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: Managing, election-related violence, technologies, 2023 general electionsJournal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 44-60 Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Year: 2025 Month: June DOI: 10.51803/yssr.1682114 File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1751036937-en.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:11:y:2025:i:1:p:44-60 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fatih KARAMAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Aviation Management, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye Title: Strategic Transformation in Airline Business Model and Management from Low-Cost Models to Hybrid Structures Abstract: The aim of this study is to define the strategic transformation in the transition to the hybrid business model, which has been used increasingly recently, by explaining the most used business models applied by airline companies. In addition, important parts of the traditional and low-cost business models used by airline companies will be examined, the differences will be emphasized and the factors why the transformation to hybrid structures will be em-phasized. The study also examines the business models applied by two leading airline com-panies in Turkey by making a comparison. In fact, it is understood that these companies, which choose different business models, also benefit from the more current and effective hybrid business structure due to certain conditions. The study also gradually explains how business models are converted to hybrid models. In the first part of the study, the business models applied by airline companies, which are among the most important businesses in the civil aviation sector, from the past to the present will be explained. In the next part, the business model of low-cost airline companies, which is used a lot, will be discussed in detail and the foundations of the subject will be tried to be established. Then, detailed information will be given about how the transition from low-cost business models to hybrid structures and its examples in Turkey today. In the conclusion section, the ideas obtained as a result of the explanations made and future predictions will be made. It is stated as a limitation that the information used in the study is taken from the reports submitted by the relevant civil aviation authorities and companies, therefore interpretations can only be made according to the available data. Classification-JEL: F00,F30,G00,G10,K00,K20,M00,M20,O10 Keywords: Airline companies, airline costs, civil aviation, hybrid managementJournal: Yildiz Social Science Review Pages: 61-73 Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Year: 2025 Month: June DOI: 10.51803/yssr.1687229 File-URL: https://yssr.yildiz.edu.tr/storage/upload/pdfs/1751037092-en.pdf File-Format: Application/pdf Handle: RePEc:aye:journl:v:11:y:2025:i:1:p:61-73